树木引种驯化的生态限制条件探索

在昆明树木园的树木引种驯化工作中 ,探讨了引种树木的生存、生长、发育受引种地常年性和偶发性生态条件影响的程度以及引种树种对新环境条件的适应能力。一定的生态环境 ,对一些树种是适生条件 ,对另一些树种则是生存、生长发育的限制条件。这决定于树木的遗传变异性。由于各树种的遗传变异性不同 ,因而在受引种地生态条件影响的程度上存在种间差异 ,相同树种个体间也存在一定的遗传差异 ,种内在受引种地生态条件影响的程度上也存在着个体差异。引种树木对引种地的新环境的适应能力可分为相似生态适应能力、潜在适应能力和可塑性适应能力。这种适应能力也存在种间和种内个体差异 ;适应能力的大小是该引种树木在新环境中能否存活以致正常生长发育的关键。研究引种地常年性和偶发性生态条件对引种树木的影响和引种树木的适应能力 ,可以开扩树木引种驯化视野 ,使树木的引种驯化工作取得显著成效     

内蒙古沙漠化土地现状、成因与防治

从内蒙古沙漠土地的现状，发展趋势的分析，探讨了沙漠化土地形成的人为因素及其关系，提出了防治沙漠化土地扩展的思路和对策。     

高层建筑框架结构安全隐患的预控

本文概述了高层建筑框架结构在施工图设计阶段几个方面的问题。避免因设计者的疏忽而给结构安全带来隐患。     

仿桑园优质土壤肥料的研究(Ⅲ)──仿桑园优质土壤肥料试验

以桑园优质土壤中主要矿质营养的数量及比例为基础，研制了仿优质土壤桑树专用肥料，按照山东省棕壤、褐土、潮土３大类土壤测定肥效，经过３ａ的小区试验、中试及推广，认为该肥能有效地提高桑叶产量并能改进叶质，经济效益较高。     

马尖相思利用价值的研究

通过木材物理力学性质、木材热值、木材化学性质的测定，树皮单宁的定性、定量分析，树叶饲用成分的分析测定，生物量的测定等得出：木材宜做人造板、细木工、刨切单板等；木材有效热值高，属优质生物质燃料；木材综纤维素含量达７４．５％，适合制浆造纸。４年生树皮单宁含量达３２．８％，纯度８２．４％，属凝缩类，为优质栲胶原料。树叶含粗脂肪３．０％以上，粗蛋白１０％～１４．１７％，含１７种氨基酸，有开发利用饲料的价值。生物量大，４．５年生幼林地上部分生物量达２３．４８ｔ／ｈｍ￣２年；林下土壤０～３０ｃｍ内的有效氮含量比西南桦、山桂花、高阿丁枫三种人工纯林高２．１６％～２．３６％；比天然林高１．８８％～２．１９％，是优良的固氮树种。其经济效益显著，４．５～３．５年生人工纯林投入产出比分别为１：７．３７，１：４．４９。     

The potential of biotechnology in temperate agroforestry practices

Technologies in forest molecular biology and tissue culture could play an increasing role in the choice of genotypes for successful establishment of agroforestry practices. Research areas such as micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis, genetic engineering, marker-aided selection, and molecular diagnostics are merging with traditional forest biological studies to help identify and produce better-suited trees for agroforestry plantings. A combination of classical and molecular biological research could be used to improve pest and stress resistance of selected genotypes, modify structure and function, and monitor pests of trees. This merger of approaches, as well as continued technological development, could accelerate the production and selection of suitable tree genotypes for agroforestry plantings.The US Government right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free licence in and to any copy-right is acknowledged.     

林木抗虫机制研究进展

分别从林木对害虫的抗性防卫、林木抗虫的化学机制及遗传机制等方面 ,对国内外林木抗虫机制研究的现状与进展进行了综述。认为抗虫性不是单因素的 ,而是形态学、解剖学及生理生化因子和谐作用下对入侵昆虫产生的物理和化学影响能力     

Removal of trichloroethylene from aqueous solution by pyrolyzed Japanese cedar bark

The bark of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) was heated in an N₂ atmosphere at 300–900C for 3h to investigate the surface properties of the pyrolyzed residuces and their ability to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) from aqueous solutions. The specific surface areas (S _N) and total pore volumes (V _N) of the pyrolyzed barks steadily increased with rising pyrolysis temperature; no significant differences in the average pore diameters (D _N) were observed at higher temperatures (600–900C). The adsorption capacities of the pyrolyzed residues for TCE were determined under batch mode conditions using an aqueous solution containing 500g TCE dm^–3. The adsorption data were well fitted to the Freundlich equation. The adsorption capacity of the bark pyrolyzed at 900C was about five times larger than that of commercial activated carbon.This study was presented at the 10th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, Yokohama, June 1999     

蓝桉幼林施肥效应研究

在云南省保山市石灰岩红壤地区进行了历时4年的蓝桉幼林N、P、K不同配比的10种处理施肥试验。结果表明，施肥能明显促进蓝桉（Eucalyptusglobulus）幼林的生长；其中处理6、9、10增产效果极显著，树高增加16．31％～20．40％，胸径分别增加18．78％～19．21％，材积增加65．04％～70．19％。有机肥对蓝桉生长有促进作用，施过有机肥的处理10生长始终保持优势；磷肥是蓝桉增产的主要因素，每株施430g钙镁磷肥做底肥能使树高、胸径分别增加14．67％、15．87％，每株施215g钙镁磷肥则树高、胸径分别增加11．44％、7．83％；氮肥各水平间无差异，增产效果不明显；钾肥1、2水平间无差异，3水平可能过量，阻碍了肥效发挥。施肥能提高蓝桉生产的经济效益，较好的几个处理依次为6、9、2、10、3产出投入比值均大于对照。综合以上几个因素，N2P3K2为蓝桉幼林的最佳施肥方案。     

Evaluation of the level of threat and protective classification of the vegetation of Makehe Forest in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve, west China

After investigating and studying the vegetation, we have established that Makehe Forest, in Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve, Qinghai Province, is host to a total of 364 different species, representing 173 “genera” in 55 different vegetative families. We propose five quantifiable indices for evaluating the level of threat to these plants: 1) the distribution frequency of the “line transect”; 2) the distribution frequency of sample plots; 3) the distribution density inside sample plots; 4) the existing abundance in the forest region; and 5) plant fidelity. The results show that there are two endangered species, six vulnerable species, 12 nearly threatened species and 344 safe species. The study tried to evaluate the urgency for conserving these plants, according to coefficients of closeness to disappearance, of genetic loss and of usefulness. Results also showed that the number of species of primary concern is two; of secondary concern, nine; of the third level, 23; and of least concern, 330 species. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(3): 20–25 [译自: 北京林业大学学报]